Back in the 20s of the 20th century, the idea of creating a Jewish autonomy in a sparsely populated part of northern Crimea was circulating. A document was even signed under such an intriguing title: “On Crimean California” between the “Joint” (an American Jewish charitable organization that represented the United States in the early years of Soviet power) and the Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR (ЦИК РСФСР).
According to this agreement, the "Joint" allocated 1.5 million dollars a year to Russia for the needs of Jewish agricultural communes. (Until 1936, 20 million dollars were transferred to Russia). Several of these communes worked very productively: high yields were obtained, introduced new equipment, and livestock
also grew. Then they were transformed into state farms. But over time, for various reasons, the so-called "Crimean project" stalled. (And the money, until 1936, was transferred from the USA ... it was a scam).
In 1943, at the Tehran Conference, Roosevelt, in a conversation with Stalin, said that his administration would soon have problems with the Lend-Lease Act (ленд-лизу) deliveries to the USSR if the Crimean California project was not reanimated. This was written by a very informed source - Milovan Djilas (Милован Джилас), the future vice-president of Yugoslavia. He and Josip Broz Tito (Иосипом Броз Тито) secretly flew to the USSR and in a personal conversation asked Stalin why the Tatars were deported from Crimea in the spring of 1944. According to him, Stalin referred to the commitments given to Roosevelt to clear the Crimea for Jewish settlers.
Stalin understood that the Americans were pushing through the Crimean project not in the interests of Soviet Jews, but for their own geopolitical purposes. However, difficult circumstances forced them to maneuver, and the bargaining around the "Crimean California" continued. Stalin insisted that this state entity should be part of the USSR in the status of an autonomous republic (Lazar Kaganovich (Лазаря Кагановича) was going to be appointed head), and he wanted to receive a $10 billion loan to restore the country's economy. The money seemed to have been promised, but on the condition that Crimea seceded from the USSR. The case once again stalled ... http://www.kursants.ru/news/trojanskij_kon/1-0-4 But Crimea still left the USSR. In 1954, which was supposed to become the final payment of old debts. The Americans believed that the remainder of the twenty million loan was still hanging over the USSR, although a lot of captured German weapons were transferred to Israel through the Joint to pay off these debts for the war with the Arabs. Washington could start a squabble and demand the Crimean lands and then the new collective leadership of the USSR - Khrushchev (Хрущев), Bulganin (Булганин), Malenkov (Маленков), Molotov (Молотов) Kaganovich (Каганович) - decided to progress.
In autumn 1953 Khrushchev visited the Crimea, the peninsula made a disappointing impression on him, so he moved on to Kyiv, where for a long time he persuaded the leadership of the Ukrainian SSR (ССР) to accept the Crimea under their jurisdiction. The Ukrainian comrades did not want to take the Crimea - after the war they had enough of their own problems. However, using old connections, Khrushchev persuaded the Ukrainian leaders, subsequently the Ukrainian SSR should have been responsible for the old Soviet debts. After the transfer of the peninsula, Moscow retained the main base of the Black Sea Fleet - Sevastopol (Севастополь). In fact, Kyiv took it into its own hands only with the collapse of the USSR, however, this is a completely different story.
Khrushchev apparently believed that he had found the perfect way, some kind of trick, a legal hook to outwit both the US and its Jewish lobby. Perhaps, in terms of the 53rd year, it was so. Even in a nightmare, Nikita Sergeevich (Никите Сергеевичу) could not imagine that in less than 40 years the USSR would simply disappear from the world map!
I think that with the increase in military threats in the Promised Land, the question of a new resettlement of the Jewish people will definitely arise. And then, the old interests in the Crimea will become aggravated and of course, Russia has not given up on Crimea so far, but they are bargained to the point of colic in the stomach.
- From the perspective of the USSR we will talk about the American project "Crimean California" -
Especially
before the Maidanovsky events, the Simferopol Committee at the request
of compensation, consisting of veterans of the national movement of the
Crimean-Tatar people, requested Barack Obama to bring public
apologies and compensate for the damage incurred by Crimean Tatars as a
result of repression and violent eviction in May 1944. According to the
authors of the appeal, the US President Franklin Delaware Roosevelt was
directly related to this event.
This story began in the 20s. The financial circles of the United States hatched the idea of creating a Jewish state on the territory of Crimea, friendly to the United States. The Jewish-American organization "Joint", which before the establishment of diplomatic relations with the United States represented the interests of this country in Soviet Russia, provided with a loan of 20 million dollars.
The
provision was laid 375 thousand hectares of the Crimean Earth. Securities were issued for the entire borrowed amount, they were bought by powerful US families, including Roosevelt. That is, they would become the owners of the Crimean territories if the Soviet side failed to fulfill its loan obligations. The calculation period was 1954.
Part of the borrowed money was intended for the mass resettlement of Soviet Jews in the Crimea and the creation of national autonomy there. The process of resettlement began, the Jewish collective farms showed good results, but bad luck - friction began with the Crimean Tatar population. In addition, the growing Soviet state did not want to develop a project that could eventually turn into a separation of the territory. The resettlement process was slowed down, and the Jewish Autonomous Region was created in the Far East.
The United States returned to the idea of secession of Crimea during the difficult war years for the USSR. In particular, in 1943, during a trip to America and Great Britain, the leaders of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, Mikhoels and Fefer (Михоэлса и Фефера), who were actually Stalin's envoys. Financial circles made it clear: in exchange for help in the fight against Germany, they are waiting for the creation of a Jewish state in the Crimea after the victory over Hitler.
In their address to Obama, the Crimean Tatars also refer to the memoirs of former Yugoslav vice-president Milovan Djilas (Милована Джиласа). Allegedly, after the Tehran Conference, Stalin, in his presence, told Josip Broz Tito about his conversation with Roosevelt. Threatened by the termination of Lend-Lease supplies and the refusal to land allied troops in France, the US President demanded the revival of the Crimean California project. “We cannot open a second front until you make a decision on Crimea,” Djilas is quoted as saying.
It was the pressure from Roosevelt, the authors of the appeal are convinced, that caused Stalin's decision to deport the Crimean Tatars - it was necessary to show that the USSR heard his wish and freed the territory for the conflict-free existence of future settlers.
Stalin managed to successfully maneuver and prolong time - as a result, the status quo of Crimea remained the same after the war. By the way, is this why the USSR was perhaps the first to support the creation of Israel in 1948? This actually removed the question of the need for a Jewish state in the Crimea.
Jews-collective farmers of the New Zlatopol (Новозлатопольского) district
Moreover, there is a version, quite conspiratorial, that the transfer of Crimea to Ukraine is connected with old affairs. The trick of this maneuver is that the Joint had a loan agreement with the RSFSR (РСФСР). And if someone presents something, Ukraine could not respond to such demands, because despite the unity of the USSR, each republic had room for economic and social maneuver in a number of issues. For example, each republic had its own Criminal Code. And the Ukrainian and Belarusian Soviet socialist republics, along with the USSR, were full members of the UN.
Mikhail Poltoranin (Михаил Полторанин) also spoke about the existence of the Crimean California project, referring to some papers that he allegedly saw in the KGB archives. However, many historians doubt this and demand proof. Reasonably. If you do not take into account the fact that a number of documents have not yet expired the period of secrecy, and many agreements could well have just been oral.
Assembly of the Jews-Kolkhozniki.
How Nikita Khrushchev gave Crimea to Ukraine
Why did Ukraine not want to take the peninsula for a long time?.. Now, when mentioning the Crimea in Russia, it is customary to recall the Artek camp (Russian re-education camp) childhood and scold Nikita Khrushchev for “giving the peninsula to Khokhls (ethnic slur for Ukrainian Cossacks)”
But in vain: everything could have turned out much worse and the State of Israel would have been located in the place of Crimea. Mikhail Poltoranin told AiF (АиФ) about this, in 1990-1992. Minister of Press and Information. The data were obtained by him from various Soviet and foreign archives.
Peninsula for 20 "Lemons"
What the Reds received by the end of the Civil War was only a shadow of the past Russia. Even the Crimea - the pearl of the south - seemed to be something between a cemetery and a dump. The restoration of Taurida needed money, but where to get it? For better or worse, foreign investors poured into Soviet Russia in those years. Among them, in 1922, representatives of the Jewish financial organization from the United States "Joint" appeared, who began to push through the idea of creating a Jewish Autonomous Republic in Crimea.
A branch of the Agro-Joint bank was created in Simferopol, Jewish settlements began to appear, the number of which reached 150. In November 1923, the head of the Jewish section of the RCP [b
] (РКП[б]), Abram Bragin (Абрам Брагин), submitted to the Politburo a draft decision on the creation in the Crimea not of an autonomous, but of a full-fledged Soviet socialist Jewish republic.
Things moved forward: 132 thousand hectares of Crimean land were allocated for the settlers. Having heard that the Bolsheviks opened a branch of the Promised Land in the Crimea, Jews from all over Russia began to arrive there. On February 19, 1929, an agreement between the USSR and the "Joint" was concluded. On the American side, the agreement was signed by Warburg, a major financier who had been in Moscow since 1927.
The document that wore the beautiful name "On Crimean
California", contained the duties of the parties. "Joint", for example,
allocated USSR by $1.5 million per year (until 1936, $ 20 million was
received.), And under this amount, the Central Election Commission (ЦИК) was commissioned by 375
thousand hectares of the Crimean Earth. They were decorated in shares,
which bought 200 with excess Americans, including Roosevelt's policies
and Gouver, Financiers Rockefeller and Marshall, General MacArthur ...
All disputes under this treaty were to be decided in the Arbitration
Court of German Heidelberg.
The money went to the Jewish settlers directly through Agro-Joint, bypassing the Soviet budget. They bought equipment, inventory and products. Such injustice spurred the protests of the Tatars, Bulgarians, Greeks, Germans, and the Ukrainian population living in Crimea. At one of the meetings of the Politburo, Stalin stated that "Crimean California" does not give the country anything but national civil strife. He suggested that the project be closed, and it was closed.
Jewish answer
The story of "Crimean California" resurfaced at the height of World War II. In 1943, at the Tehran conference, Roosevelt, in a conversation with Stalin, said that his administration would soon have problems with Lend-Lease deliveries to the USSR if the Crimean California project was not revived. A very informed source wrote about this - Milovan Djilas, the future vice-president of Yugoslavia. He and Josip Broz Tito secretly flew to the USSR and in a personal conversation asked Stalin why the Tatars were deported from Crimea in the spring of 1944. According to him, Stalin referred to the obligations given to Roosevelt to purge the Crimea for Jewish settlers.
Jewish Soviet Socialist Republic in Crimea
The Jews arriving in the Crimea were not adapted to agricultural work. According to the social composition of the Jewish settlers: merchants - 50%, artisans - 20%, workers - 10%, unspecified occupations - 15%, intelligentsia - 5%.
In the Crimea, they found themselves in unusual conditions for them. So one of the settlers Girsh Berkov Livshits wrote: “Having arrived in the Crimea ... my funds disappeared so much that I somehow lived myself engaged in small trade in the villages. After sowing, I returned and collected my coins at home and came with a family that consists of 5 souls 2 men and 3 women, all adults.
From a letter from another migrant, Vladimir Isakovich Grinband: “For four months now, the family on the site has literally been starving; every day, with a crowbar in my hands, I dug stones and carried them to the estate on my shoulders with my family, worked from hand to mouth (other migrants) did not settle among themselves, gnawed and fled.
The branch of the "Joint" in the USSR was liquidated by the Decree of the Politburo of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of May 4, 1938. D. Rosenberg spent 30 million dollars on measures to create Jewish colonies in the Crimea.
According to the 1926 census, out of 39,921 Jews, 4,083 people lived in rural areas. By 1930, up to 4,000 Jewish farms had moved to the Crimea, and by 1932, 344,269 hectares were allotted to them, of which arable land - 235,413.
Moreover, on January 1, 1930, out of 49,100 Jews living in the Crimean ASSR, only 10,140 lived in the village, the remaining 38,970 lived in cities. By 1937, 54,813 Jews lived in Crimea. By 1941, the number of Jews increased, according to some sources, up to 70 thousand, of which only 17 thousand people lived in 86 Jewish collective farms.
Jewish Crimea, Jewish communes in the early USSR
On the picture:
1 - Director of Agrodjointa Rosen, 2 - Secretary of Agrodzhoynt Himen - at a meeting with Jewish communites in Crimea, 1928
About the book "In search of Paradise: about Jewish land management in the Crimea", written by the Israeli Dekkel-Khen and the German Hillig (Hesed Shimon, Simferopol, 2004, 300 copies) read under the cut and in the entry at hasid.
Quite thesis, the structure of Jewish agricultural communes in the USSR in the 1920s and 30s looked like this:
1) This American Joint project was officially anti-Zionist. The Warburg banking family, which financed the Joint, specifically emphasized this - in defiance of the "Palestinian-Zionist project of the British." The Warburgs believed that Zion should be built in the USSR, and not only from Soviet Jews, but also Jews from Eastern Europe and even Germany. This idea was also supported by a non-Jewish Rockefeller (who also took part in the financing of the Joint).
2) In the mid-1930s, the Joint even developed a project to transfer hundreds of thousands of Jews from NS-Germany to Birobidzhan, but this project fell through due to the opposition of 3 parties: Germany, the USSR and the Zionists.
3) Until the beginning of the 30s, the government of the USSR was also interested in the Joint - it was the main legal channel of communication with the US government and companies in this country, but most importantly, the Joint became the main supplier for the USSR (and free of charge) of agricultural machinery. In total, he spent about 35 million dollars tractors and other agricultural equipment, pumps, power plants, and other equipment were purchased with this money.
4) At the insistence of the US government, the Joint created an intelligence network throughout the USSR, using its legal status and the ability to access almost anywhere in the USSR. By 1938, the end of his work in the USSR, the Joint had about 300 agents, during the years of the Great Terror, almost all of them were exposed (starting from the beginning of the 30s).
5) Representatives of the Joint themselves explained the curtailment of its work in the USSR by the reorientation of the Soviet government towards Germany in the early 1930s (starting around 1931).
6) The Joint also carried out the re-emigration of Jews from Palestine to the USSR, for which they had to fight with the "reactionary colonial British." The most famous commune among such re-emigrants is "Vojo Nova" in the Crimea ("new way" in Esperanto), about 100 families, arrival in 1928-29. All of them came from the left wing of Gduda. In fact, it was a kibbutz - in the agricultural commune they did not pay money for work, people lived in a huge family in barracks, the children were sent to a nursery and an orphanage at the commune, the communards did not have any personal property. Almost communism was established in the commune.
7) Such kibbutzim were supposed to be distributed throughout the USSR, incl. they were to be composed of peasants of all nationalities. However, at the end of 1929, the “right wing” won in the Soviet government, and it was decided that the only correct form was the collective farm. Communes like "Vojo Nova", on the contrary, were declared "leftist excesses".
"Industrial kibbutzim" were also planned, the prototype of which was the "Artel named after the American Proletarian Society for Assistance to Jewish Colonization in Soviet Russia" Ikor ".
8) Initially, the Joint was supposed to spread Esperanto among the Jews (later - among other nationalities of the USSR as a language of interethnic communication, in particular, "Prime Minister" Rykov advocated this). However, later in the USSR they abandoned this idea.
9) The idea of the Jewish Republic in Birobidzhan was not invented by Stalin, but by the Joint - back in 1926-28.
10) Rabbit breeding as an industry in the USSR appeared thanks to the first chairman of the Voyo Nova commune, Mendel Elkind. He was able to prove in the Council of People's Commissars that "thanks to these animals, it is possible to save the population from starvation" (the plan for creating an industry was finally adopted on August 16, 1929 in the Central Committee). Since 1930, Voyo Nova specialists began training Soviet people to become rabbit breeders.
11) Anti-Zionists from the "Joint" were also at the origins of the creation of pig breeding (Свиново́дство) in the USSR
After the first Zionist congress, held in Basel in 1897, Jewish organizations around the world intensified their search for ways to create a Jewish state in Palestine, Africa and South America. Russian Jews did not lag behind, who not only developed the project of the so-called South Russian Republic on the territory of the Crimea, Volhynia and Podolia with the capital in Odessa, but also made an unsuccessful attempt to implement it in 1905. After that, the project was forgotten and remembered only after a decade and a half in America.
BOLSHEVIK AND JOINT - FRIENDSHIP FOREVER
In 1923, the Jewish charitable organization from the United States - "Joint" (American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee) proposed to the Soviet government "a project beneficial for the USSR to create a Jewish autonomy on the territory of the Soviet Union", which includes Odessa, Kherson, the northern part of Crimea, the Black Sea coast to Abkhazia and Sochi. In the US, both this project and this future state formation were known as "Crimean California".
To begin with, 500,000 Jews from the western regions of Ukraine and Belarus were supposed to be resettled in the autonomy. In return, the Joint promised the Soviet Union assistance in obtaining large loans and in lobbying its interests in the United States.
The proposals of the "Joint" were actively supported by Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamenev and approved by V.I. Lenin. During the discussion of the Appetitis
project, it was necessary to temper and create the Jewish Autonomous
Republic in the composition of the RSFSR only on the territory of
Crimea. But even here it turned out to be a “bummer” - I.V. Stalin intervened and insisted that, for a start, limiting himself to only the creation of a committee for the land management of Jews in the Crimea (KomZET (КомЗЕТ)), and making final decisions based on the practical results already achieved. The wheel of the Crimean project has begun to spin.
On July 21, 1924, by a resolution of the Joint Executive Committee, the Agro-Joint Corporation was established, the main task of which was to settle several hundred Jewish families in the south of Russia in order to find out the possibility of mass Jewish colonization in the USSR.
KomZET was created on August 29, 1924 by the decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, with the aim of attracting the Jewish population to productive agricultural labor. On the initiative of interested party circles, on January 17, 1925, the Society for Land Management of Jewish Workers (OZET) was organized to help KomZET.
On November 29, 1924, Agro-Joint concluded an agreement on organizing Jewish land management with the Soviet government, on whose behalf KomZET acted. The essence of the agreement was the distribution of costs and responsibilities for the land management of the Jews between KomZET and Agro-Joint. KomZET provided the land and provided some of the funding for the project, while Agro-Joint provided the main funding.
During the 14 years of Agro-Joint's work in the USSR (until its completion in 1938), new agreements were concluded with the Soviet government (January 31, 1927, February 15, 1929, March 22, 1933), clarifying the issues of organizing work, financing, providing loans, etc.
M. Poltoranin (Полторанин) in one of his TV interviews claimed that in the course of the implementation of the Crimean program, the organization "Joint" allocated a loan (credit) tied to the implementation of the program. Under the terms of the loan, the Soviet Union annually, for 10 years, received 900 thousand dollars at 5 percent. According to the same conditions in the USSR, state bonds-shares were issued for the entire amount of the loan, under the security of which almost all of the Crimean land was divided into shares (apparently, the situation that had arisen had no other options for development and this was the only possible and optimal solution for that period of time).
200 people received shares in the Crimean land, including very famous Americans: Roosevelt, his wife Eleanor, Hoover, Marshall. In fact, the loan was taken against bills backed by the Crimean territory.
The repayment of the loan with conditional interest was to begin in 1945 and end in 1954 - that's why 1954 was "critical" for the Soviet leadership, both in terms of political and financial obligations - lenders had to give back either money or pledged land.
The project was illegal and dangerous - since 1921, the Crimean Autonomous Republic already existed with its own constitution. In addition, both the Crimean Tatars and other peoples of the peninsula had views of the lands of the future autonomy. Thus, the resettlement of Jews there was fraught with the transformation of the peninsula into a hotbed of ethnic tension, which was confirmed by subsequent events.
The resettlement of the Jews met with fierce resistance from both the Crimean Tatar population and the leaders of the Crimean ASSR (АССР), some of whom, in connection with this, were repressed.
In the rural areas of Crimea, two Jewish national regions were created - Freidorf and Larindorf, but the practical experience of resettling Jews there showed its inconsistency: the bulk of the settlers, faced with opposition from the local population and peasant labor unusual for them, returned to their native places. Of the Jews who remained in the Crimea, a smaller part of them settled “on the ground” - the majority settled in the cities (in 1930, out of 49,100 Crimean Jews, only 10,140 people lived in the village).
Taking into account these circumstances, in 1934, I.V. Stalin turned off the Crimean project and made a "knight's move": in the east of the country, a special administrative-territorial entity was created for the resettlement of Jews - the Jewish Autonomous Region with its capital in Birobidzhan (so that "both the sheep are safe and the wolves are fed"). Despite all the social cataclysms, the Jewish Autonomous Region still exists in this status, thereby continuing to solve the original problem.
But the "wolves", unfortunately, remained hungry. The question of the need for the Soviet Union to implement the Crimean California project again surfaced already during the Great Patriotic War, and the Americans made an offer that could not be refused ...
Already "Jewish Soviet Republic (SSR)"
In 1942, in order to organize political and material support from wealthy American Jews in the USSR, the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee (JAC), headed by S. Mikhoels, was created. The Committee performed its functions quite successfully, but already at the end of 1943, at the Tehran Conference, Roosevelt warned I.V. Stalin that further lend-lease deliveries and the opening of a 2nd front are impossible without the implementation of the Crimean California project - this is the requirement of the US Jewish magnates.
And already on February
21, 1944, returning from the United States, members of the delegation
of the EAK sent by I.V. Stalin and V.M. Molotov so-called. "Note on the Crimea" (Записку о Крыме), in which they proposed:
1. Create a Jewish Soviet Republic on the territory of Crimea.
2. In advance, before the liberation of Crimea, appoint a government commission to develop this issue…”
The “note” was left unanswered, but soon, on May 18, 1944, the Crimean Tatars were deported from the Crimea, followed by Armenians, Bulgarians and Greeks on June 26.
In his TV interview mentioned above, M. Poltoranin also showed a Russian translation of D. Marshall's secret letter to US Secretary of Commerce A. Harriman, written in 1945. The letter sets out the wish of the President of the United States to let I.V. Stalin, so that he would be ready to relocate the Black Sea Fleet to Odessa and on the coast of the Caucasus, since: “The coexistence on the territory of Crimea of the base of the Soviet Black Sea Fleet and the Jewish Republic, open for the free entry of Jews from all over the world, seems incongruous, fraught with unpredictable consequences…”.
Judging by this letter, the issue was worked out at the highest level and very serious people dealt with it.
It is quite obvious that I.V. Stalin was a staunch opponent of the creation of the Jewish SSR. According to the memoirs of Leonid Efremov, a member of the (ЦК КПСС), I.V. Stalin, at the last meeting of the Plenum of the Central Committee during his lifetime, criticized V.M. Molotov in a rather sharp form precisely for the fact that he had previously proposed to transfer the Crimea to the Jews.
It seems
that the USSR's eyes produced some insignificant, demonstrative actions. The real measures to create the Jewish SSR were actually sabotaged - the deserted Tatar villages began to be quickly settled by Belarusian, Russian and Ukrainian peasants from the destroyed villages in the regions liberated from the occupation.
Soon the international situation changed - the United States from an ally became an enemy in the unfolding "cold war", which allowed I.V. Stalin to sharply reduce attention to their "Wishlist", in addition, things in the Middle East have developed quite favorably. In Palestine, due to refugees from Europe, the Jewish population almost tripled in 1945-1946, reaching 600 thousand people. Thus, a "critical mass" was formed, which made it possible to start a struggle for the creation of an independent Jewish state in Palestine instead of a Jewish republic in the Crimea.
I.V. Stalin actively supported the long-standing Zionist idea of creating a Jewish state in Palestine and in 1946 gave the order to supply weapons to the Jews who fought there against the Arabs and the British. On May 14, 1948, the Jewish State of Israel was proclaimed. On May 17, the Soviet Union became the first country to recognize the Jewish state in full.
But, despite the newfound Palestine, the idea of exploring the Crimea among the Jews did not cease. On September 3, 1948, Golda Meir, appointed ambassador to the USSR, arrived in Moscow. In two weeks, she organized two rallies in Moscow of 50 thousand people each - these were people from Leningrad, Moscow and even Siberia, who demanded that they fulfill their promises to America and give up Crimea.
Soon, on November 20, 1948, the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee was dissolved and closed as a center of anti-Soviet propaganda - friendship with Israel ended. At the beginning of 1949, active members of the ЕАК were arrested and activities known as the "struggle against cosmopolitanism" began in the country. The events reached their climax by 1953, but were curtailed immediately after the death of I.V. Stalin, whose death was more like a murder.
The deadline for repaying the debt to the Joint expired in 1954, but the Soviet Union, which was restoring the national economy destroyed by the war, could hardly complete all loan payments on time. A major scandal was brewing, undesirable both for the USSR and for the Joint.
Khrushchev's closure of the Crimean California Project
N.S. Khrushchev, who came to power, "was in the know." Using the 300th anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine with Russia as a cover, he transferred Crimea from the RSFSR to the jurisdiction of Ukraine. According to the agreement with the "Joint", the transfer of the Crimean lands to the Jews was provided for from the RSFSR, and Ukraine did not bear any legal responsibility for the implementation of this agreement.
In addition, the Jews already had their own land in Birobidzhan, and it is very likely that all this was still Stalin's "preparation".
Thus, the government of the USSR acquired the formal right to close the issue of the obligations of the Soviet Union to Jewish organizations in the United States on the creation of Jewish statehood in Crimea. And this right was strongly supported by the fact that the USSR had real nuclear weapons. On August 29, 1949, the first Soviet atomic bomb was tested, and on August 12, 1953.
For the peoples of the USSR in those years, this action was also an empty formality - there was a single country inhabited by a single Soviet people. Then no one could have imagined that Ukraine would become independent of Russia.
No one wanted to disclose all the details of the deal, and it seems that the interested American-Jewish side silently postponed the decision of this important issue until more favorable times.
Information for thinking
The Americans never received the money, but it seems that, if necessary, “craftsmen” will always be found there who will be able to justify the penalty interest for non-payment of the loan, and inflate (taking into account them) the amount of debt at the moment to breathtaking proportions.
The same "craftsmen" will be able to prove that the Crimean land divided into shares continues to be legally pledged by the current holders of shares-bonds issued in the 20s of the last century.
Meanwhile, the "Joint" business on the lands of the former USSR continues to live.
Since 1991, the The Commonwealth of Independent States (Отдел СНГ) has been operating as part of the "Joint" - judging by the amount of allocated budget funds, the organization is most active in Ukraine.
As of 2006, Ukraine received $41,421,785 (second from the top after Israel, which received $140,616,535).
Recently, quite interesting information has flashed on some Internet sites. For example, on the website of the Eurasian Jewish Congress on October 16, 2009, an article by Joseph Zissels “Restitution of Jewish property in Ukraine: raising the question” was published. This article discusses various aspects of the topic of former Jewish property in Ukraine and the problems of its restitution (i.e., returning the owners to their heirs or legal successors). An article “Zazubrin” appeared on the website of the Zubr newspaper, which tells how in the second half of last 2013, an initiative group headed by A. Rapoport decided to recreate OZET in an updated format and hold the founding conference of OZET in Crimea (Feodosia) in April-May 2014. The same website reports that on March 23, 2014, an appeal was announced by the OZET Coordinator in Ukraine and Crimea, the Head of the Council of Beit Shlan (the center of religious Zionism) Meir Landau to allied organizations and the Jewish communities of Crimea “to gather in the very near future for a conference on the restoration of the national and cultural autonomy of the Jewish people in Crimea.”
On March 4, 2014, the website of the Association of Jewish Organizations and Communities of Ukraine published "Appeal to the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin on behalf of the multinational people of Ukraine, on behalf of national minorities, on behalf of the Jewish community." The document was signed by: the previously mentioned Iosif Zissels - Chairman of the Association of Jewish Organizations and Communities (Vaada) of Ukraine, Executive Vice President of the Congress of National Communities of Ukraine and 36 other equally respected "Ukrainians".
In the appeal:
a) it is argued that the Russian-speaking residents of Ukraine are not subjected to humiliation and harassment, their civil rights are not limited, and that the stability of Ukraine is under threat from the Russian authorities, that is, from V.V. Putin;
b) there is a call "not to interfere in internal Ukrainian affairs, withdraw Russian troops to their places of permanent deployment and stop encouraging pro-Russian separatism."
At the same time, it should be noted that the actions to recreate OZET coincided in time with the main events of the political crisis in Ukraine, and it is highly doubtful that this was a mere accident.
To confirm the doubt, it should also be noted:
1. The highest involvement in political events in Ukraine of the employees of the US Embassy in Kyiv and the top American leadership.
2. The highest activity shown in the current political events in Ukraine by the head of the United Jewish Community of Ukraine, head of the European Council of Jewish Communities and President of the European Jewish Union (EJU) Igor Kolomoisky (2nd in the ranking of the Ukrainian rich in 2013).
3. The highest activity shown by the European Union in matters of restitution in the countries of the former Soviet bloc. After joining the association with the EU, the same awaits Ukraine, whose legislation it will have to follow.
It seems that everything is calculated, people are prepared, arranged and take the necessary actions ...
Of course, the reliability of the second version can be confirmed or refuted only on the basis of relevant archival documents, if any (according to A. Karaulov, M. Poltoranin's information is based on archival documents).
If the second version is true, the political events in Ukraine, coupled with OZET resuscitation measures, can be interpreted as the implementation of a certain plan of preliminary measures to seize the pledged lands of Crimea.
It seems that if Crimea were part of Ukraine that joined the EU, its pledged lands would be seized by the United States through legal casuistry and restitution.
Experience shows that at present, with the help of brute military force, the United States can trample on any legal and moral norms and do with any NON-NUCLEAR power everything that it seems necessary to them.
Crimea escaped to its historical nuclear missile homeland literally at the very last possible moment - a little more, and the Russian world could lose it forever.
Judging by the fury that the entry of Crimea into Russia caused in the United States, it is extremely doubtful that our good comrades - ordinary Jews, together with whom we work, ride in trolleybuses and drink vodka in the kitchens, could have something to do with the withdrawal of pledged Crimean lands by the Americans.
Many events of the past show that ordinary Jews, as a rule, are used as an auxiliary, expendable material in the big games of very big people who are least of all interested in someone's personal destinies.
It seems that the proposed measures to seize Crimean lands, first of all, should solve the global strategic task of organizing some form of absolute American presence on the territory of Crimea - up to the announcement of the peninsula as the 51st American state (like Alaska and Hawaii).
Therefore, dear comrades, Crimea must now be defended to the last nuclear warhead.V.L. Temples,
Member of the Military Scientific Society of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation,
Capital 1st Rank retired
g. Sevastopol
Source "Russian Bulletin" http://www.rv.ru/content.php3?id=10742
https://rt82.ru/en/pozharotushenie/proekt-novaya-kaliforniya---mif-ili-realnost-krymskaya-kaliforniya---voina-i/
